October 6, 2026
e-MOA and e-AOA (INC-33 and INC-34) Explained
e-MOA (INC-33) and e-AOA (INC-34) are the electronic forms of a company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association. They are filed on the MCA portal along with the SPICe+…
Category: Guides
October 6, 2026
Authorised Capital vs Paid-up Capital: What’s the Difference?
Authorised capital is the maximum share capital a company is allowed to issue, as stated in its Memorandum of Association. Paid-up capital is the amount shareholders have actually…
October 6, 2026
MSME Loans: Mudra and CGTMSE Explained
Mudra and CGTMSE are two government-backed routes to small business credit. Mudra (PMMY) is a loan category for non-corporate, non-farm micro and small businesses, with loans up to…
October 6, 2026
What is an LLP Agreement? Meaning, Contents and Filing
An LLP agreement is the written contract between the partners of a Limited Liability Partnership. It sets out capital contributions, profit sharing, roles, powers and exit rules. It…
October 6, 2026
What is Net Owned Fund (NOF) for NBFC, Nidhi and Microfinance?
Net Owned Fund, or NOF, is the owned capital a finance company must hold as a minimum safety cushion. Broadly, it is paid-up capital plus free reserves, reduced…
October 6, 2026
Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act: Overview
The Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act, 2002 is the central law for co-operative societies whose members and objects spread across more than one state. Registration is with the Central…
October 6, 2026
What is CIN (Corporate Identification Number)? Meaning and Format
The Corporate Identification Number (CIN) is a unique 21-character alphanumeric code the Registrar of Companies gives every company at incorporation. It identifies the company on the MCA portal…
October 6, 2026
AIS and Form 26AS Explained
Form 26AS is your tax credit statement: it shows tax deducted on your PAN, tax you paid, and refunds. The Annual Information Statement (AIS) goes further and lists…
October 6, 2026
NDH-1 and NDH-4: Nidhi Company Compliance Forms
NDH-1 and NDH-4 are MCA forms under the Nidhi Rules, 2014. NDH-4 is the application a company files to be declared a Nidhi company. NDH-1 is a statutory…
October 6, 2026
Object Clause and NIC Code of a Company: What They Mean
The object clause is the part of a company’s Memorandum that lists the business activities it is set up to carry out. The NIC code is a numeric…